Necessity is the mother of invention. The saying holds true for computers also, because computers were invented because of man’s search for fast and accurate calculating devices. The first mechanical adding machine was invented by Blaise Pascal in 1642. Later in the year 1671, Baron Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz of Germany invented the first calculator for multiplication. Keyboard machines originated in the United Sates around 1880 and are extensively used even today.
Charles Babbage, a nineteenth century Professor at Cambridge University, is considered the father of modern digital computer. During his period , mathematical and statistical tables were prepared by a group of clerks.
The word “ Computer” comes from the word “compute”, which means to calculate. Hence, a computer is normally considered to be a calculating device, which can perform arithmetic operations at enormous speed.
Infact, the original objective for inventing the computer was to create a fast calculating machine. However, more that 80 % of the work done by computers today is of non mathematical or non –numerical nature. Hence to define a computer merely as a calculating device is t ignore over 80% of its functions.
More accurately , a computer may be defined as a device , which operates upon data. Data can be anything like bio-data of various applicants when the computer is used for recruiting personnel, or the marks obtained by the various students in various subjects when the computer is used to prepare results, or the details (name, age, sex etc.) of various passengers when the computer is employed for marking airline or railway reservation , or numbers of different types in case of use of computers for solving scientific research problems, etc. Hence , data comes in various shapes and sizes , depending upon the types of computer application. A computer can store , process, and retrieve data as and when desired. The fact that computers process data is so fundamental that many people have started calling it a data processor.
The name data processor is note inclusive because modern computers not only compute in the usual sense , but also perform other functions with the data, which flow to and from them. For example, data processors may gather data from various incoming sources, merge (process of mixing or putting together) them all , sort ( process of arranging in some sequence-ascending or descending) them in the desired order, and finally print then in the desired format . None of these operations involve the arithmetic operations normally associated with the computing device, but the term computer is often applied anyway.
The activity of processing data using a computer is called data processing, Data processing consist of three sub-activities. Capturing the input data, manipulating the data, and managing the output results. As used in data processing , information is data arranged in an order and form, which is useful to the people who receive it.
Hence , data is the raw material used as input to data processing, and information is the processed data obtained as the output of data processing.
Training programme to Enhance Already Existing Occupational Skills (Continuing Computer Education Program-C C E P). As the prescribed syllabus , guidelines, conditions Rule and regulation of the Institute courses are self employment and job oriented courses. Cent Percent Self Financed Self Employment and vocational Pattern Type. Computer & IT Skill Enhancement Institute. Institute of Information Technology is duly registered by the Government.
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